What does the term "newborn screening" primarily refer to?

The term "newborn screening" primarily refers to the process of testing newborns for various inherited metabolic disorders shortly after birth. This screening is crucial because it allows for the early detection of conditions that, if left untreated, could lead to serious health issues or developmental delays. By identifying these disorders early, healthcare providers can implement interventions and treatment options that can significantly improve health outcomes for affected infants.

This process usually includes tests for conditions such as phenylketonuria (PKU), congenital hypothyroidism, and cystic fibrosis, among others. The aim is to catch these disorders before symptoms appear, allowing for timely medical intervention. Newborn screening has a vital role in preventive health care, aiming to ensure not only the immediate health of the newborn but also long-term health and quality of life.